kalps
拉脫維亞語[編輯]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/StrawberryPickersNearPonchatoulaFSA.jpeg/250px-StrawberryPickersNearPonchatoulaFSA.jpeg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Poker-sm-214-Js.png/120px-Poker-sm-214-Js.png)
詞源[編輯]
借自古東斯拉夫語 холпь (xolpĭ, 「農奴,奴隸」) (參見俄語 холоп (xolop)),借自突厥語族(或源自原始印歐語 *kel-, *skel- 「分支,幼苗」)。借入最晚為13世紀;詞典中最早見於17世紀。[1]
發音[編輯]
音頻: | (檔案) |
名詞[編輯]
kalps m (第1變格,陰性形:kalpone)
- 農場工人
- strādāt par kalpu ― to work as a farmhand
- muižas kalpi ― 莊園工人
- pieņemt, atlaist, algot kalpus ― 收受,解僱,僱傭工人
- kalpu klēts ― 工人宿舍
- kalpa ļaudis ― 農場工人
- kāds kungs, tāds kalps ― like lord, like servant (folk saying)
- kalpi bija laukstrādnieki, kas salīguši strādāt pie saimniekiem par algu (graudā, vēlāk arī daļēji naudā) ― farmhands were rural workers who were hired to work for a farmer for wages (paid in grain, later also partially in money)
- 僕人,傭人
- deputāts ir tautas kalps ― 議員是人民公僕
- dieva kalps ― 牧師 (字面意思是「神的僕人」)
- tumsas kalpi ― 黑暗僕人
- (紙牌) J
- pīķa kalps ― 黑桃J
- kapteinis sāka dalīt kārtis, un Vilks izklaidīgi ņēma tās pretī... tur bija viens kalps un trīs dāmas ― the captain began to deal the cards, and Vilks distractedly took them... there were one jack and three queens
變格[編輯]
kalps的變格 (第一類變格)
相關詞彙[編輯]
參考資料[編輯]
- ↑ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), 「kalps」, Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca [拉脫維亞語語源詞典] (拉脫維亞語), Rīga: AVOTS, ISBN 9984-700-12-7