Afghanistan

參見：Afghánistán

英語

英語維基百科有一篇條目關於：

Afghanistan

Wikipedia ^en

其他形式

Affghanistan, Affghanisthan, Affghaunistan, Afghanisthan, Afghaunistan (皆已棄用)
Afganistan

詞源

詞源樹

原始印度-伊朗語 *Hápa

原始伊朗語 *Hápa

巴克特里亞語 *apāka-

原始印歐語 *-nós

巴克特里亞語 *-āna

巴克特里亞語 αβαγανο (abagano)派生

古典波斯語 افغان (afġān / afġân)

中古波斯語 -stʾn'

古典波斯語 ـستان (-istān / -estân)

古典波斯語 اَفْغَانِسْتَان (afġānistān)借詞

英語 Afghanistan

借自古典波斯語 اَفْغَانِسْتَان (afġānistān)，源自 اَفْغَان (afġān，“阿富汗人”) + ـِسْتَان (-istān，“……之地”)。^[1]等價於Afghan +‎ -istan。

發音

國際音標^(幫助): /æfˈɡɑːn.ɪˌstɑːn/, /æfˈɡæn.ɪˌstɑːn/, /æfˈɡæn.ɪˌstæn/
音頻 (英國)： (檔案)
音頻 (美國)： (檔案)

專有名詞

Afghanistan

阿富汗（位於亞洲中南部，帕米爾高原以西、伊朗高原以東的內陸山地國家）（自1768年）^[1]
近義詞：Graveyard of Empires (比喻)

上位詞：Central Asia
- 1768，Mahummud Casim Ferishta，由 Alexander Dow，「The Reign of Chusero Malleck, ben Chusero Shaw」，收錄於The History of Hindostan；源自the Earliest Account of Time, to the Death of Akbar; […]，第I卷，London： […] T. Becket and P. A. De Hondt, […]，→OCLC，141頁：
  But Shahab ul dien Mahummud, brother to the Prince of Ghor, invaded the kingdom of Ghizni, which he conquered, and not ſatisfied with that, marched an army into Hindoſtan, overrunning Piſhawir, Afghaniſtan, Moultan and Sind.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 1781年 10月22日，「源自the Delhi Gazette, Calcutta」，收錄於The Remembrancer; or, Impartial Repository of Public Events. For the Year 1782.，part II，London： […] J[ohn] Debrett, […]，1782 出版，→OCLC，43頁，第1列：
  This Timoor Shah is the ſon of the famous Ahmed Shah Abdalee, who was formerly in the ſervice of Nadir Shah, and upon the aſſaſſination of that monarch, ſeized the vaſl treaſures which had been depoſited in the Caſtle Herat, and carried them off into the mountains of Afghaniſtan, where his ſtandard was preſently joined by numbers of needy followers, and with this army he ſoon founded an independent kingdom to the eaſtward of Perſia.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 1790，George Forster，「Preface」，收錄於A Journey from Bengal to England, through the Northern Part of India, Kashmire, Afghanistan, and Persia; and into Russia, by the Caspian Sea. […]，第I卷，Calcutta： […] Press of Cooper and Upjohn，→OCLC，第5頁：
  I am now arranging, and endeavouring to render worthy of the notice of the public, a ſecond volume, which contains a relation of my journey from Kaſhmire to England, through Afghaniſtan, Perſia, and Ruſſia.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 2008年 2月19日，John F[isher] Burns，「Britain: Life Sentence in Beheading Plot」，收錄於The New York Times‎^[1]，New York, N.Y.：紐約時報公司，→ISSN，→OCLC，原始內容存檔自原始內容，存檔時間 2022年11月26日：
  Described by witnesses as a keen cricketer and pubgoer until contacts with Islamic militants radicalized him on a trip to Pakistan, he was ordered to serve at least 14 years for the plot, and for supplying militants in Afghanistan with money and equipment.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）