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could

維基詞典,自由的多語言詞典

英语

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其他形式

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词源

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源自中古英語 coude、couthe、cuthe,源自古英語 cūþe,cunnan (“能够”)(对比相关词cūþ,派生出couth)的直陈过去式或虚拟式。受到与should和would类比的影响,“L”在16世纪初叶引入,两词的“L”常被错误略去的现象(产生了shudd和wode等词形)可能也起到了推动作用。[1][2]

发音

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动词

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could

  1. can 的簡單過去時
    Before I was blind, I could see very well.
    我失明之前视力很好。
  2. can 的條件式
    1. 用来表示过去虚拟式,表示与现实相对的假设。
      I think he could do it if he really wanted to.
      我觉得他要是想肯定会做的。
      I wish I could fly!
      我要是能飞就好了。
    2. 用来礼貌地请求许可。
      Could I borrow your coat?
      我可以借一下你的外套吗?
    3. 用来礼貌地请求别人做某事。
      Could you proofread this email?
      您可以帮我校对一下这封邮件吗?
    4. 用来表示某事可能会发生。
      • 2013 June 29, “Travels and travails”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, page 55:
        Even without hovering drones, a lurking assassin, a thumping score and a denouement, the real-life story of Edward Snowden, a rogue spy on the run, could be straight out of the cinema. But, as with Hollywood, the subplots and exotic locations may distract from the real message: America’s discomfort and its foes’ glee.
        (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
      We could rearrange the time if you like.
      您希望的话我们可以重新安排一下日程。
    5. 用来表示建议。
      You could try adding more salt to the soup.
      你试试给汤里多加点盐。
  3. (泰恩赛德外棄用) can 的過去時分詞
    • 1981, Anthony Warner, English Auxiliaries: Structure and History, published 1993, →ISBN, page 222:
      I haven't could sleep.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)

用法说明

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  • 一些使用者认为不能用could指许可,而应用might,类似指许可时使用may来替换can。

衍生词汇

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相关词汇

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名词

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could (複數 coulds)

  1. 可能性
    • 1996, Fred Shoemaker, Extraordinary Golf: The Art of the Possible, page 88:
      When the golf ball is there, the whole self-interference package — the hopes, worries, and fears; the thoughts on how-to and how-not-to; the woulds, the coulds, and the shoulds — is there too.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
    • 2010, Shushona Novos, The Personal Universal: A Guidebook for Spiritual Evolution, page 395:
      Shushona you must learn to rightfully prioritize all the woulds, shoulds and coulds of your life.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)

参考资料

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  1. ↑ “can, v.1.”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2017.
  2. ↑ Christopher Upward, George Davidson, The History of English Spelling (2011), section "Silent L"

异序词

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